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It is no surprise, then, that with their impressive résumé of powerful but distinctly dead victims, the Assassins became so feared for their effectiveness that rulers went around continuously wearing chain mail under their extravagant robes.



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In order to fire at the Assassin castles perched on their mountaintops, the Mongols often laboriously climbed an adjacent peak and carried up their catapults and siege crossbows in pieces; from there they were able to fire across at the enemy.
It’s important to remember that most of the information about the Nizaris that reached Europe came from two hostile sources, Sunni Muslims and Crusaders, and that the more outlandish aspects of the legends, such as the use of drugs, are not supported by Ismaili sources. The most important one was Alamut Castle, the residence of the Lord. The most important fortress in Syria was Masyaf Castle, though the castle of Kahf was probably the main residence of the Syrian Ismaili leader Rashid al-Din Sinan.

Upon awakening….each perceived himself surrounded by lovely damsels, singing, playing, and attracting his regards by the most fascinating caresses, serving him also with delicate viands and exquisite wines; until intoxicated with excess of enjoyment…he believed himself assuredly in Paradise…When four or five days had thus been passed, they were thrown once more into a state of somnolency, and carried out of the garden…Questioned by him [the Old Man] as to where they had been, their answer was, ‘in Paradise, through the favour of your highness.’ The chief thereupon addressing them, said: ‘We have the assurances of our prophet that he who defends his lord shall inherit Paradise, and if you show yourselves devoted to the obedience of my orders, that happy lot awaits you.’There is a corroborating passage from a text called the …spotted any strong man [and] they lured him with material goods…They intoxicated him, escorted him to a basement and entertained him with Infamous victims of the Assassins included the great and powerful vizier of Baghdad, Nizam al-Mulk, murdered on 14 October 1092 CE. The vizier of Baghdad, Nizam al-Mulk, is murdered by Maudud, the atabeg of Mosul, is murdered in Damascus, most likely by


The single assassin approached the atabeg asking for alms and then grabbed his belt and stabbed him twice in the stomach. His name was Rashid al-Din Sinan, and he led the Nizaris for nearly 30 years at the height of their power in the late 12th century.But the stories that circulated in Europe weren’t entirely accurate either.

The Nizari Ismailis ate powdered hemp leaves (hashish) which contain a natural psychoactive (mind-altering) drug, reportedly doing so before they went on an assassination mission.

One such victim was Maudud, the atabeg of Mosul who was attacked in a courtyard while walking home from prayers at the Grand Mosque of Damascus on 2 October 1113 CE. The emissary then asked the guards would they kill the sultan if he asked them to and they replied, ‘certainly.’ A little fanciful perhaps that the Sultan’s entourage would be so infiltrated by Assassins but the morale of all three versions of the tale is clear: no person could escape the Assassins indefinitely if they had selected you as their target.

Even the name Assassin, from the Arabic He holds an MA in Political Philosophy and is the Publishing Director at AHE. A notable recent example is the Assassin’s Creed video game series, which features an order of stealthy hyperathletic killers who scale walls and jump between rooftops to hunt down their enemies.So, how much of this is based on fact?

They are known to history as the Assassins.

The Assassins did not passively sit behind their fortification walls, though, and had their own catapults and handheld crossbows which inflicted significant casualties on the Mongols. The assassins were not expected to survive their mission and were known asThat men were willing to die for the ‘Old Man of the Mountain’ is clear but the reasons why are not.

Alternatively, they may never have used any such stimulants and their reputation as drug users was rather a fictional demonisation or invented excuse for their unnaturally high success rate in killing people and the almost complete ineffectiveness of anyone to stop them.The Ismailis were a Shiite Muslim sect formed in the 8th century CE after they split from other Muslims over their adherence to Ismail (d. 760 CE), the eldest son of the sixth imam (leaders of the faith after the The Ismailis were, then, seen as heretics by other Muslim groups, not only by other Shiite Muslims but also the Sunnis of the The Nizari Ismailis, first led by a missionary from The sect grew and eventually managed to acquire a string of hilltop castles between 1130 and 1151 CE. They make a religious virtue of terrorism and murder in pursuit of their ends.

Were the Assassins real?Being much weaker than their main adversaries in conventional military terms, the Nizaris relied on guerrilla warfare that included espionage, infiltration of enemy territory, and targeted killings of enemy leaders.



Raymond (r. 1137-1152 CE) had probably upset the Assassins by granting the A third notable victim was, on 28 April 1192 CE, Conrad of Montferrat. Many of the Ismaili ruined castles can still be seen by those intrepid enough to discover them; good examples include Alamut and Masyaf.